There are many techniques, tools and medicaments available to prevent, control and cure gum disease. The most effective tool is knowledge.
Healthy gingiva (i.e., gum tissue) is firm, slightly rough when dry, does not bleed and fits close to the teeth. Healthy gingiva does not feel uncomfortable.
Following are the symptoms of gum disease.
Gingivitis:
Bleeding gums
Smooth gingiva
Swelling
Irritation
Periodontitis:
Bleeding gums
Swelling
Pain
Receding gums
Loose teeth
Odor
Buildup of calculus (tartar)
Prevention is the best treatment for periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis). If you already have gum disease, home care is a good way to begin recovery.
Thorough brushing and flossing at least twice a day is a great way to start. Always use a soft bristle toothbrush or an oscillating or sonic vibrating toothbrush. Take your time (most people need about four minutes to brush manually).
Use floss or an interdental cleaning device to scrape plaque off the sides of the tooth, in between the teeth.
Use toothpaste and mouthwash that are accepted by the American Dental Association for their ability to decrease the number and viability of bacteria in dental plaque.
Eat a diet high in protein. Vegetarians need to be certain to eat foods that include all of the necessary nutrients, including amino acids and vitamins.
See your dentist or dental hygienist. They can diagnose periodontal disease, and remove plaque and calculus.
Treatment begins with an examination. They will measure the depth of pockets from the gum line and where the gums bleed. Pockets deeper than 3 millimeters indicate the presence of gum disease. Deep pockets indicate the loss of bone around the teeth - the hallmark of periodontitis.
The next step is to remove all of the plaque and calculus from the teeth. This may only take one appointment, a prophylaxis. Deep scaling or root planing means that the dentist or hygienist cleans into the pockets to remove calculus; this takes more appointments. Hopefully, professional cleaning and thorough home care will shrink the swollen gingiva and reduce pocket depths to 3 millimeters or less. The dentist may use surgical techniques to improve gingival health.
Author: Dr. David Leader
© 2008 Associated Content